Search results for "Trained subjects"
showing 9 items of 9 documents
Perceptual blending in odor mixtures depends on the nature of odorants and human olfactory expertise.
2012
International audience; Our olfactory system is confronted with complex mixtures of odorants, often recognized as single entities due to odor blending (e.g., coffee). In contrast, we are also able to discriminate odors from complex mixtures (e.g., off-odors). Therefore, the olfactory system is able to engage either configural or elemental processes when confronted with mixtures. However, the rules that govern the involvement of these processes during odor perception remain poorly understood. In our first experiment, we examined whether simple odorant mixtures (binary/ternary) could elicit configural perception. Twenty untrained subjects were asked to evaluate the odor typicality of mixtures…
Protein carbonyl groups in trained subjects.
2012
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the plasma protein carbonyl groups (PC) in 81 trained subjects (TS) who practiced regular, non professional physical activity. They were divided into three groups according to the type of sport they practiced (endurance, mixed or power). On fasting venous blood we examined the PC groups employing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, in which 2,4-dinitrophenyl-hydrazine reacts with the PC forming a stable hydrazone product. In the whole group of TS a significant decrease in PC was present, in comparison with sedentary controls (SC). Dividing TS into groups, we observed a decreased PC concentration in those practicing endurance and mix…
The influence of alcohol on cognitive conflict.
1985
The influence of alcohol on cognitive conflict between individuals was studied by means of an experiment that was designed to be representative of real life negotiating situations, where alcohol is consumed and where two parties are required to find new common solutions to problems that they have previously learned to solve differently by themselves. The subjects were 60 male students of technology divided into experimental and control groups. The amount of alcohol (whisky) consumed by the experimental subjects produced approximately 0.08% blood alcohol concentration. In the experiment, the cognitive conflict situation was created by first training subjects to solve diagnostic medical tasks…
Methodical aspects of perceived exertion rating and its relation to pedalling rate and rotating mass.
1975
Methodical aspects of the relationship between pedalling rate and rotating mass and perceived exertion rating (PER; Borg, 1962) were studied in trained, untrained, and ill subjects in bicycle ergometry. Pedalling rate varied between 40 and 100 rpm, work load steps were 5, 10, 15 and 20 mkp/sec in the healthy subjects, and 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 mkp/sec in the patients. PER decreased with increasing pedalling rate in all healthy subjects. In the patients, PER increased moderately at work load of 2.5 mkp/sec, but decreased at higher work loads up to 80 rpm, followed by a slight increase at 100 rpm. Higher mass of the flywheel, studied in 6 trained subjects, lowered the PER insignificantly. In the…
Impact of training on beer flavor perception and description: Are trained and untrained subjects really different?
2001
This study examines the effect of beer assessment training on verbal and nonverbal performance. Two groups of subjects are asked to sort, match, and describe a set of 12 beers (6 supplemented and 6 commercial beers). Subjects from the first group are enrolled in a beer-training program. Subjects in the second group are untrained beer consumers. Results show that although both groups perform the matching task equally well, trained subjects performed better on supplemented beers and untrained subjects on commercial beers. Examination of the generated vocabulary shows that 44% of the terms are common to trained and untrained subjects. However, an analysis of the terms' efficiency shows that wh…
Protein carbonyl groups in trained subjects before and after a cardiopulmonary test
2013
Physical exercise influences the body's oxidative status. The modifications can involve lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, and different effects seem to be induced by regular and acute exercise respectively. We examined protein oxidation, expressed as concentration of protein carbonyl groups (PC), in trained subjects before (time 0), 10 min (time 1) and 24 hours (time 2) after a cardiopulmonary test performed on a cycloergometer. We enrolled 38 trained subjects (26 men and 12 women), subdivided in two groups (A1 and B1) of 19 subjects each, according to the median value of VO2max, and in two groups (A2 and B2) of 19 subjects each, according to the median value of PC at baseline. PC concent…
Bronchial responsiveness and airway inflammation in trained subjects
2008
We read with interest the paper by Shaaban and coworkers1 on the protective effect of physical activity against bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) in the general population. The authors suggest that a beneficial effect of deep inspirations during exercise could account for the lower prevalence of BHR in physically active subjects compared with sedentary subjects, while the accompanying editorial2 favours an “anti-inflammatory” effect of exercise as the most plausible explanation. We have studied lung function and airway cell biology …
Vecuma ietekme uz Vernjē asumu.
2020
Maģistra darbs ir uzrakstīts angļu valodā uz 36 lapaspusēm, tas satur 19 attēlus, 3 tabulas un atsauces uz 36 literatūras avotiem. Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot, vai Vernjē asumu ietekmē cilvēka novecošanās process kopējā populācijā. Metode. Pētījumā piedalījās 75 netrenēti dalībnieki divās vecuma grupās, lietotjot labāko iespējamo briļļu korekciju. Dalībniekiem nebija zināmu acs patoloģiju, izņemot agrīnu kataraktu. Dalībniekiem 3 reizes tika novērtēts Vernjē asums. Rezultāti. Vernjē asuma sliekšņi ir augstāki vecāku dalībnieku grupā nekā jaunāko dalībnieku grupā. Secinājumi. Pētītajā dalībnieku grupā novecošanās process ietekmēja Vernjē asumu. Pētījumu varētu uzlabot plašāks dalībnieku loks …
Physical and chemical properties of skin in habitually trained and sedentary men.
1978
A number of physical and chemical properties of skin were examined in a study of 29 habitually trained and 29 sedentary men. Compared to the control group, the trained subjects had significantly higher values in the weights of skin samples of equal surface areas as well as the contents of hydroxyproline and nitrogen per skin surface area. When measured by a diaphragm method in vivo, the 'elastic stiffness' (uncorrected for thickness) and 'elastic efficiency' (the recovery of the deformation energy) of skin were significantly higher in the trained men compared to those in the untrained men. The results suggest that skin reflects the adaptation to habitual endurance training by increasing its…